A traffic signal is a regulatory sign that changes its mind, and it outranks every sign and every marking at the intersection it controls. A green arrow beats the painted lane line; a traffic officer beats the signal.
The distinction the test cares about is steady against flashing. A steady red means stop and wait. A flashing red means stop, then go when the way is clear, exactly as if there were a stop sign there. A steady yellow means stop unless you are already too close to do so safely, and a flashing yellow means proceed with caution.
The filter arrows are the other favourite. An arrow only ever gives permission for the direction it points, and only while it is lit; when it goes out you are back under whatever the main disc is showing.
In the test: When the signals are dead, the intersection becomes a four-way stop. When an officer is directing traffic, the officer overrules the signal even when it is green.
Traffic signals

Steady red disc.

Flashing red disc.

Steady yellow disc.

Steady green disc.

Steady bus/tram.

Steady red man.

Flashing red man.

Steady green man.

Flashing red arrow left.

Flashing green arrow.

Steady yellow arrow.

Steady green arrow.

Pedal cyclist signals.

REGULATORY SIGNS: TRAFFIC SIGNALS.

Stop.

Warning.

Proceed.
The other signs
Learn them properly, not by scrolling
A reference page is for looking something up. The course teaches the same signs in short narrated lessons and then asks you about them until you stop getting them wrong.
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